Authors:
Toshiharu Sugie,
Yutaka Kito,
Kenji Fujimoto,
Volume: 1, Page 815 Paper number 1852
Abstract:
The paper presents a new control method which achieves autonomous obstacle
avoidance for manipulators with rate constraints. More precisely, in
order to achieve the autonomous obstacle avoidance, we exploit the
freedom of the coordinate transformation for exact linearization of
nonlinear systems. At the same time, we cope with the rate constraints
by adopting the state-dependent time scale transformation. Furthermore,
we apply this method to an actual 2-link robot manipulator, and evaluate
its effectiveness by experiment, which is the most important part of
the paper.
Authors:
Emilio Frazzoli,
Munther A. Dahleh,
Eric Feron,
Volume: 1, Page 821 Paper number 1159
Abstract:
The operation of an autonomous vehicle in an unknown, dynamic environment
is a very complex problem, especially when the vehicle is required
to use its full maneuvering capabilities, and to react in real time
to changes in they operational environment. A possible approach to
reduce the computational complexity of the motion planning problem
for a nonlinear, high dimensional system, is based on a quantization
of the system dynamics, leading to a control architecture based on
a hybrid automaton, the states of which represent feasible trajectory
primitives for the vehicle. This paper focuses on the feasibility of
this approach, in the presence of disturbances and uncertainties in
the plant and/or in the environment: the structure of a Robust Hybrid
Automaton is defined and its properties are analyzed. In particular,
we address the issues of well-posedness, consistency and reachability.
For the case of autonomous vehicles, we provide sufficient conditions
to guarantee reachability of the automaton.
Authors:
Viviane Cadenat,
Philippe Soueres,
Michel Courdesses,
Volume: 1, Page 827 Paper number 1492
Abstract:
We present two sensor-based control strategies for driving a wheeled
robot equipped with a mobile camera and a 2D laser range finder amidst
obstacles. The goal of the work is to show that a feedback control
can be designed on the base of the information coming from different
sensors considered at the same level. Taking advantage from the redundancy
with respect to the nominal visual task the controller allows to modify
the robot trajectory to avoid obstacles. In both cases, the control
stability and the consistency of the method is proven. Simulations
results are described at the end of the paper.
Authors:
Mauro Di Marco,
Andrea Garulli,
Simon Lacroix,
Antonio Vicino,
Volume: 1, Page 833 Paper number 1690
Abstract:
Self localization of mobile robots is one of the most important problems
in long range autonomous navigation. When moving in an unknown environment,
the navigator must exploit measurements from exteroceptive sensors
to build a map, identify landmarks and, at the same time, localize
itself with respect to them. This problem is known as Simultaneous
Localization And Mapping (SLAM). In this paper a set theoretic approach
to the SLAM problem is presented. Estimates of the position of the
robot and the selected landmarks are derived in terms of uncertainty
regions, under the hypothesis that the errors affecting all sensor
measurements are unknown but bounded. Set approximation techniques
are adopted in order to provide efficient recursive algorithms, suitable
for on-line implementation.
Authors:
Mauro Di Marco,
Domenico Prattichizzo,
Antonio Vicino,
Volume: 1, Page 839 Paper number 1913
Abstract:
Exploring unstructured and unknown environments is one of the most
important tasks of mobile robotics. Usually, in outdoor navigation,
exploring unstructured environments is based on or is functional to
map making procedures. This paper deals with the problem of representing
and updating maps from height field measurements. A technique for
dynamic updating maps, in the presence of bounded uncertainties on
the height field is presented. The technique is based on the set membership
estimation theory, and allows for adaptive refinement of the environment
description.
Authors:
Mark B. Milam,
Kudah Mushambi,
Richard M. Murray,
Volume: 1, Page 845 Paper number 2010
Abstract:
Preliminary results of a new computational approach to generate aggressive
trajectories in real-time for constrained mechanical systems are presented.
The algorithm is based on a combination of nonlinear control theory,
spline theory, and sequential quadratic programming. It is demonstrated
that real-time trajectory generation for constrained mechanical systems
is possible by mapping the problem to one of finding trajectory curves
in a lower dimensional space. Performance of the algorithm is compared
with existing optimal trajectory generation techniques. Numerical results
are reported using the NTG software package.
Authors:
Qihong Chen,
Volume: 1, Page 852 Paper number 5
Abstract:
This paper is concerned with the optimal control of systems governed
by a variational inequality coupled with a semilinear partial differential
equation via the constraint of obstacle. The main feature of the problem
is that the action of control (via the obstacle) gets into the multivalued
operator. The control domain is assumed to be merely a separable metric
space. Neither the convexity of control domain nor the smoothness of
control is imposed. The regularity of the obstacle, which is required
in the state analysis of our problem, relies on the governing equation.
We are mainly interested in establishing the existence of optimal controls
and deriving optimality conditions in the form of Pontryagin principle.
|